X1 Search Rules

Basic Search Rules

There are a few basic search rules in X1.  The following table explains the search results that you can expect to receive when entering basic search terms into the main search field.

Search Term

Search Results

the

A word starting with the in any column.

the=

The exact word the in any column.

-the

No occurrence of any word starting with the in any column.

NOT the

Same as -the. NOT must be all caps.

-the=

No occurrence of the exact word the in any column.

NOT the=

Same as -the=.

a AND b

A word starting with a and a word starting with b in the same column. AND must be all caps.

a b

Same as a AND b.

a & b

Same as a AND b.

a OR b

A word starting with a or a word starting with b in the same column. OR must be all caps.

a | b

Same as a OR b.



Advanced Search Rules

In addition to these basic search rules, there are a number of advanced search rules that you can use to further narrow your search results.  The following table explains the search results that you can expect to receive when entering more advanced search strings (such as phrase or proximity searches) into the main search field.

Search Term

Search Results

“the big d”

The prefix phrase, the big d.  This will match the big dog, the big date, etc.

“the big d”=

The exact phrase, the big d.  This will not match the big dog or the big date, only the big d (where d is a complete word).

a NEAR b

Same as a AND b, but a and b must be within 10 words of each other.

a NEAR/5 b

Same as a NEAR b, but a and b must be within 5 words of each other.  5 can be replaced by any numeric value to expand or shrink the maximum number of words between a and b.

a /5 b

Same as a NEAR/5 b.

a PRE b

Same as a AND b, but a must precede b.

a PRE/5 b

Same as a PRE b, with a maximum of 5 words between a and b.  5 can be replaced by any numeric value to expand or shrink the maximum number of words between a and b.

content:the

A word starting with the in the right View Pane only.  This only works for Email, Files and Attachments.

subject:the

A word starting with the in the Subject column.  The same structure may be used for searches in other columns from the main search field (i.e. from:dave, size:500, etc).

(a | b) & c

Performs a | b first, then AND with c.

a | (b & c)

Performs b & c first, then OR with a.



Parentheses ( ) can be replaced with brackets [ ] in any of the above examples.

Range Search on Date Columns

X1 range search keywords are case-sensitive - requiring the use of all caps when entering range searches. X1 supports the following explicit-interval keyword range searches on date fields:

X1 supports the following operators on the date explicit-interval keyword searches:

X1 supports the following implicit-interval range keywords for the following time intervals:

THIS, LAST, NEXT



Range Search on Number Columns


X1 range search keywords are case-sensitive - requiring the use of all caps when entering range searches. X1 supports the following range keywords in number columns:

Keywords:

`SMALL` is defined as `>=100K <1M`.
`MEDIUM` is defined as `>=1M <5M`.
`LARGE` is defined as `>=5M <10M`.
`GIANT` is defined as `>=10M`.

`#B` is defined as number in bytes. Example: 10B is 10 bytes.
`#K`, `#KB`, `#KIL`: # in kilobytes (1024 bytes)
`#M`, `#MB`, `#MEG`: # in megabytes (2^20 bytes)
`#G`, `#GB`, `#GIG`: # in gigabytes (2^30 bytes)
`#T`, `#TB`, `#TER`: # in terabytes (2^40 bytes)


X1 supports the following operator range searches on number columns:

LESS THAN, GREATER THAN, BETWEEN/AND, BETWEEN/&, TO, .., <, <=, >, >=.



Sample of range search queries on number columns: `GREATER THAN 100`is the same as `>100`, `TINY TO LARGE` is the same as `<10M`, `MEDIUM..2M` is the same as `>=1M <=2M`,



Range Search on String Columns


X1 supports the following operator range searches on number columns:


Sample range searches on string columns:


`bar..foo`: finds the range of results whose column strings start with any word between bar and foo. i.e. "bar", "bark", "dog", "foo", but not "food".


`> bar < foo`: will not find "bar" but will find "bark". The results will not find any word starting with "foo".


`a .. c`: finds "a", "apple", "banana", "c", but not "cat".


`>a<d`: finds all field strings starting with "a", "b", or "c".



Column Searches

Some search rules apply only to column search fields.  The following table explains the search results you can expect to receive when entering search terms in a column search field.

Search Term

Search Results

-

Displays items that contain something in that column (i.e. items with nothing in that column will be excluded).

=

Displays items that contain nothing in that column (i.e. items with something in that column will be excluded).



Note that the above search terms only behave this way when they appear by themselves.  Once you type more characters (i.e. -the rather than just -), searches behave just as described in the Basic and Advanced Search Rules.

Search Hierarchy

Certain search terms take precedence over other search terms in more advanced search strings.  The order in which search operations are performed is:

1.       Parentheses

2.       Proximity (NEAR, PRE)

3.       Negation (-, NOT)

4.       Intersection (&, AND)

5.       Union (|, OR)

Double Quotes

Double quotes denote a phrase search.  Operators (AND, OR, NOT) and special symbols (&, |, -) are taken literally when surrounded by double quotes.  For example, a search for “a & b” will only return results that contain the exact expression, a & b (no a AND b operation takes place).

Spaces

In general, extra spaces are ignored except when found within double quotes.

Searching for Numbers

A search for 1,234,567.89 is equivalent to a search for 1,234,567.89 OR 1234567.89.  In other words, the commas are optional so we search for both.

Negative Searches

A search for -123 is equivalent to NOT 123 OR “-123”.  In other words, the negative sign could mean logical negation or a number less than zero, so we search for both.

Punctuation Rules

All punctuation marks are treated as spaces.  As part of a search string, they signal a phrase search without having to use double quotes.  For example, user@x1.com is equivalent to “user x1 com”.

Initial punctuation is also converted into spaces, except for the minus sign (which signifies negation).  Since we ignore extra spaces, a search term like !$#@abc would therefore simply be searched as abc.

Maximum Word Length

The maximum length of any string of characters we index is 39.  A search for any word longer than 39 characters will return no search results.